The ratio of width to height of an object. Stating the relationship of one side to the other, it is widely used to describe the shape of a TV or computer screen. For example, the aspect ratio of a standard screen is 4:3, which is a relatively square rectangle. The 4:3 means "4 to 3," or four units wide to three units high. High-definition TV (HDTV) has a 16:9 ratio, which is a wide rectangle closer in width, but still not as wide, as most cinema screens.
Another way of expressing the 4:3 and 16:9 ratios is 1.33:1 and 1.78:1, but these latter designations are used mostly for cinema formats, not TV (see below).
Standard or Wide Screen?
The common measurement of a computer monitor or TV is the screen's diagonal measurement in inches. However, a 20" screen does not disclose whether its layout is 4:3 (square) or 16:9 (wide). See
letterbox,
resolution,
HDTV display modes and
anamorphic DVD.
Standard and HDTV Aspect Ratios
Fitting the wide screen HDTV image (16:9) on the right into a standard TV (4:3) on the left creates the "letterbox effect" (black bars on top and bottom). (Image courtesy of Intergraph Computer Systems.)
